Glossary Term
DNA Repair
Enzymatic restoration of DNA structure after chemical, radiation, or spontaneous damage.
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Glossary Term
Enzymatic restoration of DNA structure after chemical, radiation, or spontaneous damage.
Glossary Term
An RNA complex consisting of two complementary base-paired strands of RNA.
Glossary Term
A 50-150bp DNA sequence that increases the rate of transcription of coding sequences. It may be located at various distances and in either orientation upstream from, downstream from or within a structural gene. When bound by a specific transcription factor it increases the levels of expression of the gene, but is not sufficient alone to cause expression. Distinguished from a promoter, that is alone sufficient to cause expression of the gene when bound.
Glossary Term
Changes in the regulation of the expression of gene activity without alteration of genetic structure.
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The complete set of epigenetic modifications on the genome of a cell.
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The simplest form of an antigenic determinant, on a complex antigenic molecule, which can combine with antibody or T cell receptor.
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The sequences of a gene that are present in the final, mature, spliced messenger RNA molecule from that gene.
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An Exonuclease is a hydrolase (nuclease) that specifically catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal phosphodiester bonds of deoxyribonucleotide or ribonucleotide chains, releasing mononucleotides.
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A text-based format for storing a biological sequence that encodes the nucleotide calls as well as their quality scores. It is an extension of the FASTA format.
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The chemical preservation of a substance to maintain structural and/or molecular features of that substance as they exist in the living entity.
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A compound that preserves tissues and cells for microscopic study.
Glossary Term
Fluorescence is a luminescence (i.e., optical phenomenon) in cold bodies, in which a molecule absorbs a high-energy photon, and re-emits it as a lower-energy (longer-wavelength) photon. The energy difference between the absorbed and emitted photons ends up as molecular vibrations (heat).