Glossary Term
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
A variation of a single nucleotide at a specific location of the genome due to base substitution, present at an appreciable frequency between individuals of a single interbreeding population.
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Glossary Term
A variation of a single nucleotide at a specific location of the genome due to base substitution, present at an appreciable frequency between individuals of a single interbreeding population.
Technology
A modified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique in which a specific primer can amplify its corresponding allele only; this allows for the determination of the presence or absence of a single, specific allele during genotype testing.
Technology
A type of nucleic acid amplification test in which sample DNA is exposed to a single temperature in the presence of multiple sets of primers and a polymerase with replication and high strand displacement activity. This test negates the need for thermal cyclers and may be a low cost alternative to PCR.
Technology
A flow cytometry technique that utilizes mass spectrometry to detect antibodies labeled with heavy metal ion tags that are bound to antigens of interest on single cells.
Technology
A type of high-throughput, multiplex PCR method used to determine abnormal DNA copy number changes of up to 50 genomic DNA or RNA sequences with a single pair of PCR primers. It is frequently used in the detection of genetic aberrations in tumors, and can distinguish sequences differing in only a single nucleotide.
Technology
A DNA sequencing strategy where a single read is initiated from each end of a DNA fragment.
Technology
A DNA sequencing method that uses a "sequencing by synthesis" strategy. The strand complementary to a template is synthesized a single base at a time through the sequential addition of individual solutions of each base. Incorporation of a base into the growing strand generates free pyrophosphate that is detected as light, as generated by a luciferase-catalyzed reaction.
Technology
A rapid, simple, visual and sensitive technique for measuring DNA breakage in individual mammalian cells in response to a test agent. A cell is immobilized in agarose and made permeable and the broken DNA migrates out under the influence of the electric field. A damaged cell has the appearance of a comet with a brightly fluorescent cell body and a tail whose length and fluorescence intensity are related to the number of DNA-strand breaks induced by the test agent.
Technology
A procedure that can determine the nucleotide sequence for all of the RNA transcripts in an amplified nucleotide sample that was derived from a single cell.
Technology
A procedure used to demonstrate nucleotide sequence variations that occur in the same region of DNA between individuals within a species, or between alleles in an individual to detect mutations in various genes, such as oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, or genes responsible for genetic diseases. The method detects different conformations adopted by partially denatured DNA fragments resulting from their specific nucleotide sequences under denaturing conditions. Denatured single-stranded DNA fragments are allowed to partially renature without formation of double-stranded DNA. The particular conformations adopted by each of the renatured fragments depend on each of their specific nucleotide sequences. The fragments are run on polyacrylamide gels to detect subtle changes in migration due to their particular secondary structures. Resulting fragment band in the gel will misalign if any point mutations are present to alter the conformation.
Article
Research record from Blood Cancer J, 2026-03-28. PMID 41904132.
Article
Research record from Front Immunol, 2026-05-08. PMID 42183289.