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A measurement of the length of time that it takes for clotting to occur when activating reagents are added to a plasma specimen. The test is partial due to the absence of tissue factor (Factor III) from the reaction mixture.
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A family of globular proteins found in many plant and animal tissues that tend to bind a wide variety of ligands. Albumin is the main protein in blood plasma. Low serum levels occur in conditions associated with malnutrition, inflammation and liver and kidney diseases.
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An antigen expressed by tissues derived from mullerian epithelium (tubal, endometrial and endocervical) or celomic epithelium (mesothelial cells of the pleura, pericardium and peritoneum). Although its biochemical nature has not been clearly defined, CA125 has been described as a glycosylated, high-molecular-weight protein that may be released from damaged cells. Measurable in plasma, CA125 is a sensitive, nonspecific tumor marker for ovarian cancer; as such it is much more useful for monitoring clinical responses to the treatment of ovarian cancer than for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Elevated plasma CA125 may occur in association with other malignancies and non-malignant gynecologic disorders. (NCI04)
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An animal sterol found in the body tissues (and blood plasma) of vertebrates. It can be found in large concentrations within the liver, spinal cord, and brain. Cholesterol is an important component of the membranes of cells, providing stability. It is the major precursor for the synthesis of vitamin D, of the various steroid hormones, including cortisol, cortisone, and aldosterone in the adrenal glands, and of the sex hormones progesterone, estrogen, and testosterone. Cholesterol also has an important role for the brain synapses as well as in the immune system. In conditions featuring elevated low density lipoproteins (LDL), cholesterol often forms plaque deposits in the walls of arteries, a condition known as atherosclerosis, which is a major contributor to coronary heart disease and other forms of cardiovascular disease.
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Cholinesterase (602 aa, ~68 kDa) is encoded by the human BCHE gene. This protein plays a role in choline metabolism.
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Quantitative marker of cytomegalovirus replication used in transplant and immunocompromised care.
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Coagulation factor IX (461 aa, ~52 kDa) is encoded by the human F9 gene. This protein plays a role in the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation through the mediation of proteolysis that converts factor X into an active protease.
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Coagulation factor XI (625 aa, ~70 kDa) is encoded by the human F11 gene. This protein is involved in the proteolytic activation of coagulation factor IX.
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A fibrillar protein present in blood plasma; it converts to fibrin during the process of blood clot formation.
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Quantitative measure of HIV-1 RNA in plasma used to stage and monitor therapy.
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An amino acid derivative and homolog of cysteine containing an additional methylene bridge. Homocysteine is a product of methionine metabolism and elevated plasma levels are associated with cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer disease and several metabolic diseases.
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This gene is involved in repression of transcription. It plays a role in the formation of pre-plasma memory B cells and immunoglobulin-secreting plasma cells.
