Technology
An electrophoresis procedure, in which a sample is introduced into a capillary tube and the components are separated by the application of high voltage. Due to the large surface to volume ratio, cooling is more efficient, allowing use of higher voltages. As a result, separation occurs more quickly and sensitivity is increased. The technique allows for separation of proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
General term referring to the maintenance of cell strains or lines in the laboratory.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
Any of various processes to isolate one or more specific cell populations from a heterogeneous mixture of cells.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
A process where a rotating machine exposes a specimen to centrifugal force. This process can be used to remove moisture from a specimen, to subject an organism to increased gravitational forces, or to separate the components of heterogeneous mixtures based on density differences.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
The emission of light as the result of a chemical reaction.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
A molecular genetic technique that combines chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) with massively parallel DNA sequencing to map the binding sites of DNA-associated proteins in a sample of cells. First, crosslinked protein-DNA complexes are isolated using ChIP. Next, the crosslinks are broken, the proteins are removed and the purified DNA is modified with adaptor oligonucleotides to facilitate massively parallel DNA sequencing. Following sequencing, the DNA sequences that are obtained can be mapped to their genomic locations.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
A technique that utilizes immunoprecipitation to find protein-DNA interactions in a biological sample. First, the sample is treated causing the formation of protein-chromatin crosslinks. Then, the sample is sheared to separate individual protein-DNA complexes. Finally, an antibody directed against a protein of interest is applied and the protein-DNA complexes are immunoprecipitated.
Diagnostic Methods
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A laboratory procedure that combines the sequence-specific detection aspects of FISH with the simple detection methods of immunohistochemistry. Briefly, sequence-specific probes are hybridized to cells fixed on slides and the sequestered probe is visualized by a peroxidase reaction. It has the advantage of being a less costly assay that does not require fluorescence microscopy with results that are stable over time.
Diagnostic Methods
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The treatment of chromosomes to reveal characteristic patterns of horizontal bands. The banding patterns lend each chromosome a distinctive appearance so the 22 pairs of human non-sex chromosomes and the X and Y chromosomes can be identified and distinguished without ambiguity. Banding also permits the recognition of chromosome deletions (lost segments), chromosome duplications (surplus segments) and other types of structural rearrangements of chromosomes.
Diagnostic Methods
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An assessment used to quantify and describe the colors within the visible spectrum of light.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a technique that allows the detection of losses and gains in DNA copy number across the entire genome without prior knowledge of specific chromosomal abnormalities. Comparative genomic hybridization utilizes the hybridization of differentially labeled tumor and reference DNA to generate a map of DNA copy number changes in tumor genomes. Comparative genomic hybridization is an ideal tool for analyzing chromosomal imbalances in archived tumor material and for examining possible correlations between these findings and tumor phenotypes. (from Ried et al. J Mol Med 1997 75:801-14)
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
A type of ELISA assay that uses a reference antigen to competitively bind labeled antibody against an antigen of interest. The strength of the signal interference caused by antibody bound to the reference antigen is used to determine the concentration of the antigen of interest.
Diagnostic Methods