Glossary Term
Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction
A type of polymerase chain reaction technique in which the sample is fractionated, within which individual PCR reactions occur in each fraction.
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Glossary Term
A type of polymerase chain reaction technique in which the sample is fractionated, within which individual PCR reactions occur in each fraction.
Indicators
A cardiac glycoside. Digoxin inhibits the sodium potassium adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) pump, thereby increasing intracellular calcium and enhancing cardiac contractility. This agent also acts directly on the atrioventricular node to suppress conduction, thereby slowing conduction velocity. Apparently due to its effects on intracellular calcium concentrations, digoxin induces apoptosis of tumor cells via a pathway involving mitochondrial cytochrome c and caspases 8 and 3. (NCI04)
Tests
The determination of the amount of dihydrotestosterone hormone present in a sample.
Glossary Term
Any liquid or solid material used to lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture of another ingredient.
Glossary Term
To reduce in strength or concentration, especially by the addition of water.
Glossary Term
Drug-, radiation-induced, or spontaneous injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal double-helical conformation. These changes include structural distortions that interfere with replication and transcription, as well as point mutations that disrupt base pairs and exert damaging effects on future generations through changes in DNA sequence. If the damage is minor, it can often be repaired (DNA repair); extensive damage can induce apoptosis.
Glossary Term
Any method that extracts and purifies DNA from biological samples, which can include the proper handling of biological samples prior to nucleic acid isolation, the separation of DNA from the rest of the components in the samples, and the storage of the DNA isolates.
Glossary Term
A family of enzymes that catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds to repair broken strands of DNA.
Glossary Term
Enzymatic restoration of DNA structure after chemical, radiation, or spontaneous damage.
Tests
The determination of the amount of Dnase-B antibody present in a sample.
Indicators
This gene is involved in epigenetic control of gene expression.
Tests
A blood test done near the end of the first trimester of pregnancy to screen for common chromosomal defects. This test screens for blood levels of both free beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta-hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and can detect trisomies of chromosomes 21 (Down's syndrome), chromosome 18 (Edward's syndrome), and chromosome 13 (Patau's syndrome).