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Technology
A technique for the detection of specific DNA fragments that have been separated by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, transferred to a nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane, and detected by hybridization and visualization with a labeled probe.
Technology
A procedure used to demonstrate nucleotide sequence variations that occur in the same region of DNA between individuals within a species, or between alleles in an individual to detect mutations in various genes, such as oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, or genes responsible for genetic diseases. The method detects different conformations adopted by partially denatured DNA fragments resulting from their specific nucleotide sequences under denaturing conditions. Denatured single-stranded DNA fragments are allowed to partially renature without formation of double-stranded DNA. The particular conformations adopted by each of the renatured fragments depend on each of their specific nucleotide sequences. The fragments are run on polyacrylamide gels to detect subtle changes in migration due to their particular secondary structures. Resulting fragment band in the gel will misalign if any point mutations are present to alter the conformation.
Technology
An isothermal, in vitro nucleic acid amplification method that allows primer-directed amplification of a target sequence. It utilizes a primer that can be nicked to create a polymerase start site and a DNA polymerase that will displace a downstream strand as it tracks along the template.
Technology
Technology that detects differences between an individual's DNA sequence and a reference DNA sequence.
Technology
A procedure that can determine the DNA sequence for all of the exons in an individual.
Technology
Any technique designed to amplify a limited genomic DNA sample so as to generate a new sample that is indistinguishable from the original but with a higher DNA concentration.
Technology
A procedure that can determine the DNA sequence for nearly the entire genome of an individual.
Indicators
This gene is involved in apoptosis, DNA repair and cell cycle regulation.
Indicators
This gene is involved in cell cycle checkpoints and DNA recombination.
Glossary Term
Initiation of DNA base excision repair (BER) involves a DNA glycosylase that binds the altered deoxynucleoside in an extrahelical position and catalyzes cleavage of the base-sugar bond. Subsequently, an AP endonuclease or AP lyase activity incises the abasic site, followed by short-patch gap-filling, excision of the base-free sugar-phosphate residue, and ligation.
Glossary Term
The paired nucleotides in a DNA or RNA sequence.
Glossary Term
A storage facility of biospecimens that includes tissue samples, fluids, and molecular derivatives such as DNA, RNA, and proteins. The biorepository has stringent guidelines regarding the standardized collection, handling, storage, and documentation of biological specimens.
