Tests
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)
A protein produced by prostate tissue; elevated values can reflect prostate cancer but also common benign conditions.
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Tests
A protein produced by prostate tissue; elevated values can reflect prostate cancer but also common benign conditions.
Article
Research record from Aktuelle Urol, 2026-09-16. PMID 42748971.
Article
Research record from J Liq Biopsy, 2026-10-06. PMID 42893057.
Article
Research record from Diagnostics (Basel), 2026-05-14. PMID 42196852.
Tests
The determination of the amount of circulating prostate tumor cells present in a sample.
Indicators
The most potent androgen, required for sex development. Dihydrotestosterone is synthesized from testosterone in the prostate gland, testes, hair follicles and adrenal glands by 5-alpha reductase. Dihydrotestosterone exerts its action similar to testosterone, which binds to and activates specific nuclear androgen receptors. After translocation into the nucleus, the activated hormone-receptor complex binds to the androgen response elements on the DNA and activates gene expressions that are required for sex development. Dihydrotestosterone is responsible for the formation of male primary sex characteristics and most male secondary sex characteristics during puberty, such as muscular growth, facial and body hair growth, and deepening of the voice.
Tests
The determination of the amount of free prostate specific antigen in a biological sample.
Tests
The determination of the ratio of free prostate specific antigen as compared to the total prostate specific antigen present in a sample. The measurement may be expressed as a ratio or percentage.
Glossary Term
Any hybrid gene formed from two previously separate genes. Such fusions occur as a result of translocation, intersititial deletion or chromosomal inversion, and often result in gene products with functions different from the two fusion partners. Gene fusions are associated frequently with hematological cancers, sarcomas and prostate cancer.
Indicators
Growth/differentiation factor 15 (308 aa, ~34 kDa) is encoded by the human GDF15 gene. This protein plays a role in both tissue differentiation and signal transduction.
Article
Research record from Int J Mol Sci, 2026-02-27. PMID 41828470.
Tests
The determination of the ratio of prostate cancer antigen 3 mRNA as compared to the total prostate specific antigen mRNA present in a sample. The measurement may be expressed as a ratio or percentage.