Technology
An enhancement of immunoelectrophoresis in which a series of post-electrophoretic gel slabs are layered with cellulose-acetate gels saturated with specific antibodies. The resulting antigen-antibody complexes fixed on the second gel may then be stained, allowing sensitive and specific qualitative visual identification of paraproteins by electrophoretic position. It can be used to identify specific proteins in the blood or urine. It has greatest application in the identification and monitoring of monoclonal proteins that are produced in conditions like Waldenstom's macroglobulinaemia and multiple myeloma.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
Immunohistochemical staining techniques allow for the visualization of antigens via the sequential application of a specific antibody to the antigen (primary antibody), a secondary antibody to the primary antibody and an enzyme complex with a chromogenic substrate. The enzymatic activation of the chromogen results in a visible reaction product at the antigen site. The specimen may then be counterstained and coverslipped. Results are interpreted using a light microscope and aid in the differential diagnosis of pathophysiological processes, which may or may not be associated with a particular antigen.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
An immunological procedure in which antibodies are coupled with a peroxidase molecule. Following localization via the antibody, the peroxidase is reacted with a corresponding substrate to produce a product which can be seen with a light microscope.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
Antigen aggregation with antibody, in the right ratios, to cause precipitation.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
Use of a DNA or RNA probe to detect the presence of complementary sequences in chromosomes, cells, or tissues.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
A test that uses Coombs' reagent to detect the presence of anti-erythrocyte antibodies in serum.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
A mass spectrometry technique that uses inductively-coupled plasma generated from argon gas to atomize and ionize a sample. The resulting ions are separated and analyzed using a mass spectrometer.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
A type of gel electrophoresis in which charged molecules travel through a pH gradient. The molecules will come to stop at the point where the net charge on the molecule is equal to that of the surrounding gel.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
The preparation, analysis, and interpretation of a karyotype, the representation of the chromosome set of a cell.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
A high-resolution method used to isolate cells from their surrounding tissues, with the aid of a laser beam, under direct microscopic visualization. Specific cells can be isolated directly by cutting target cells away from unwanted cells, to obtain enriched cell populations.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
Light Microscopy is a technique for producing visible images of structures or details which are too small to be otherwise seen by the human eye. It involves passing light transmitted through or reflected from the subject through a series of lenses to be detected directly by the eye, imaged on a photographic plate, or captured digitally.
Diagnostic Methods
Technology
A type of chromatography in which separation of a mixture is achieved by passing a sample in a stream of liquid solvent through some form of material that will provide resistance by virtue of chemical interactions between the components of the sample and the material.
Diagnostic Methods
