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Glossary Term
The genetic material of the nucleus, consisting of deoxyribonucleoprotein, which occurs in two forms during the phase between mitotic divisions: 1) as heterochromatin, seen as condensed, readily stainable clumps; 2) as euchromatin, dispersed lightly staining or nonstaining material. During mitotic division the chromatin condenses into chromosomes.
Glossary Term
A structure found in cells that is comprised of a strand of linearized double-stranded DNA plus proteins that package the DNA in a condensed coil form and regulate chromosomal function.
Glossary Term
A sequence of single-stranded RNA that forms a covalently closed continuous loop.
Glossary Term
Neoplasm-derived DNA fragments found in the bloodstream or other bodily fluids that have been released from cells.
Glossary Term
A specific sequence of three adjacent bases on a strand of DNA or RNA that provides genetic code information for a particular amino acid.
Glossary Term
The ratio of standard deviation to mean, expressed as a percentage or fraction.
Glossary Term
A research study that compares a particular outcome (such as lung cancer) in groups of individuals who are alike in many ways but differ by a certain characteristic (for example, female nurses who smoke compared with those who do not smoke).
Glossary Term
A range of values for a parameter that may contain the parameter and the degree of confidence that it is in fact there.
Glossary Term
A sequence pattern derived from the alignment of multiple sequences that represents the nucleotide or amino acid most likely to occur at each position in a sequence.
Glossary Term
The presence of any substance or organism that makes a preparation impure.
Glossary Term
Variation in the number of copies of a particular sequence within the genetic material of an individual. Large-scale copy number polymorphisms are common and widely distributed in the human genome.
Glossary Term
The degree to which two or more quantities or events are linearly associated, a statistical relation between two or more variables such that systematic changes in the value of one variable are accompanied by systematic changes in the others.
