Indicators
Not considered one of the 20 amino acids, Cystine is a sulfur-containing derivative obtained from oxidation of cysteine amino acid thiol side chains. It functions as an antioxidant and protects tissues against radiation and pollution, slowing the aging process. It also aids protein synthesis. Cystine is abundant in many proteins of skeletal tissues and skin, and found in insulin and digestive enzymes chromotrypsinogen A, papain, and trypsinogen. (NCI04)
Tests
A determination of the beta carotene in a nutritional product or meal, or a portion thereof.
For professionals
Tests
A determination of the amount of DNMT3B mRNA in a biological sample.
For professionals
Tests
A blood test done near the end of the first trimester of pregnancy to screen for common chromosomal defects. This test screens for blood levels of both free beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta-hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and can detect trisomies of chromosomes 21 (Down's syndrome), chromosome 18 (Edward's syndrome), and chromosome 13 (Patau's syndrome).
For professionals
Indicators
The most potent form of the naturally occurring steroid sex hormone in humans, produced by ovary, placenta, testis, and in small amount by adrenal cortex. Estradiol binds to a specific intracellular estrogen receptor located in female organs, breasts, hypothalamus and pituitary. The receptor-ligand complex promotes gene expression necessary for the maintenance of fertility and secondary sexual characteristics in females. In addition, estradiol exhibits mild anabolic and metabolic properties, and increases blood coagulability. Estradiol, the principal intracellular human estrogen, is substantially more active at the cellular level than its metabolites, estrone and estriol.
Tests
The determination of the amount of free choriogonadotropin beta present in a sample.
For professionals
Tests
Globulins are a group of proteins in your blood. Some globulins are made by your liver. Others are made by your immune system . Globulins play an important role in liver and kidney function, blood clotting, and fighting infection. There are different types of globulins called alpha, beta, and gamma globulins. Tests to measure globulins include:
For everyone & professionals
Tests
A direct measurement of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) based on the clearance of beta-2 microglobulin after adjusting it for the individual's actual body surface area value.
For professionals
Indicators
A simple sugar monosaccharide having two isoforms, alpha and beta, with a chemical structure of C6H12O6 that acts as an energy source for both plants and animals by reacting with oxygen, generating carbon dioxide and water, and releasing energy.
Indicators
Growth/differentiation factor 15 (308 aa, ~34 kDa) is encoded by the human GDF15 gene. This protein plays a role in both tissue differentiation and signal transduction.
Indicators
A tetrameric complex of 2 molecules of hemoglobin subunit alpha (encoded by either the HBA1 or HBA2 gene) and 2 molecules of hemoglobin subunit beta (encoded by the HBB gene).
Indicators
A tetrameric complex of 2 molecules of hemoglobin subunit alpha (encoded by either the HBA1 or HBA2 gene) and 2 molecules of a hemoglobin subunit beta variant where the glutamic acid residue at position 7 has been replaced by valine.