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Glossary Term
The degree to which two or more quantities or events are linearly associated, a statistical relation between two or more variables such that systematic changes in the value of one variable are accompanied by systematic changes in the others.
Glossary Term
Problem associated with the degree to which an antibody or antigen participates in cross reactions.
Glossary Term
A statistical method of partitioning a sample of data into subsets such that the analysis is initially performed on a single subset, while the other subsets are retained for subsequent use in confirming and validating the initial analysis.
Glossary Term
A study in which participants are examined once for a characteristic, such as disease, at a single point in time.
Glossary Term
Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolytic cleavage of phosphodiester bond linkages in the DNA backbone. Deoxyribonucleases belong to a larger family of nucleases, which cleave DNA bases at various positions in the DNA backbone.
Glossary Term
The proportion of all the observations that have been classified correctly by the diagnostic procedures in given population, or using some diagnostic test, or by some medical institution or professional.
Glossary Term
A DNA sequencing technique in which a mixture of deoxynucleosidetriphosphates (dNTPs) and chain-terminating dNTPs, which are radioactively or fluorescently labeled, are combined within the reaction mixture. Once the reaction is complete, the DNA strands are separated by size, and the labeled chain terminating dNTPs can be read in sequence by the investigator or by a machine.
Glossary Term
A type of polymerase chain reaction technique in which the sample is fractionated, within which individual PCR reactions occur in each fraction.
Glossary Term
To reduce in strength or concentration, especially by the addition of water.
Glossary Term
A long linear double-stranded polymer formed from nucleotides attached to a deoxyribose backbone and found in the nucleus of a cell; associated with the transmission of genetic information.
Glossary Term
Drug-, radiation-induced, or spontaneous injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal double-helical conformation. These changes include structural distortions that interfere with replication and transcription, as well as point mutations that disrupt base pairs and exert damaging effects on future generations through changes in DNA sequence. If the damage is minor, it can often be repaired (DNA repair); extensive damage can induce apoptosis.
Glossary Term
Any method that extracts and purifies DNA from biological samples, which can include the proper handling of biological samples prior to nucleic acid isolation, the separation of DNA from the rest of the components in the samples, and the storage of the DNA isolates.
