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Indicators
An isoform of alkaline phosphatase found on the surface of osteoblasts. The level of this enzyme in a patient's serum is proportional to the amount of bone formation. This marker is used for monitoring the efficacy of both bone formation therapies and antiresorptive therapies.
Tests
The determination of the amount of bone specific alkaline phosphatase present in a sample.
Indicators
Calcitonin (32 aa, ~3 kDa) is encoded by the human CALCA gene. This protein is involved in the modulation of blood calcium and phosphate concentrations through promoting incorporation of these ions into bone.
Tests
The determination of the amount of the product of the calcium and phosphate measurements in a sample.
Article
Research record from Front Chem, 2026-08-28. PMID 42729405.
Glossary Term
A nucleotide comprised of either a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base bound to a deoxyribose sugar esterified with three phosphate groups. These molecules are essential for DNA synthesis.
Indicators
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (251 aa, ~28 kDa) is encoded by the human FGF23 gene. This protein is involved in inhibition of renal tubular phosphate transport.
Tests
This test measures the amount of G6PD in your blood. G6PD stands for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. It's an enzyme, a protein that speeds up certain chemical reactions in your body. It helps your red blood cells work properly. Red blood cells move oxygen from your lungs to every cell in your body. Your cells need oxygen to grow, reproduce, and stay healthy.
Tests
The determination of the amount of galactose-1-phosphate present in a sample.
Tests
The determination of the amount of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase present in a sample.
Tests
The determination of the ratio of the macrohepatic specific alkaline phosphatase isoform to total alkaline phosphatase present in a sample. The measurement may be expressed as a ratio or percentage.
Indicators
A water-soluble vitamin belonging to the vitamin B family, which occurs in many animal and plant tissues, with antihyperlipidemic activity. Niacin is converted to its active form niacinamide, which is a component of the coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its phosphate form, NADP. These coenzymes play an important role in tissue respiration and in glycogen, lipid, amino acid, protein, and purine metabolism. Although the exact mechanism of action by which niacin lowers cholesterol is not fully understood, it may act by inhibiting the synthesis of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), inhibiting the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue, increasing lipoprotein lipase activity, and reducing the hepatic synthesis of VLDL-C and LDL-C.
