Glossary Term
Buffer
An ionic compound that resists changes in its pH.
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Glossary Term
An ionic compound that resists changes in its pH.
Glossary Term
Enzymatic (e.g. dUTP/UNG) and physical measures that stop amplified DNA from contaminating later runs. Labs with high daily volumes usually require dUTP/UNG chemistry in purchased assays; confirm this when comparing kits from different manufacturers.
Glossary Term
A study that compares two groups of people: those with the disease or condition under study (cases) and a very similar group of people who do not have the disease or condition (controls). Researchers study the medical and lifestyle histories of the people in each group to learn what factors may be associated with the disease or condition. For example, one group may have been exposed to a particular substance that the other was not. Also called retrospective study.
Glossary Term
A manufacturer declaration that an in vitro diagnostic complies with applicable EU legislation (the IVDR since May 2022). CE-IVD indicates regulatory conformance, not a statement of clinical superiority; buyers still review performance claims and intended use.
Glossary Term
The process by which a person demonstrates specific knowledge, skills, or abilities in the view of a certifying body. Similarly, the process by which a product or process can achieve certification indicating its suitability for a specific purpose.
Glossary Term
The genetic material of the nucleus, consisting of deoxyribonucleoprotein, which occurs in two forms during the phase between mitotic divisions: 1) as heterochromatin, seen as condensed, readily stainable clumps; 2) as euchromatin, dispersed lightly staining or nonstaining material. During mitotic division the chromatin condenses into chromosomes.
Glossary Term
A structure found in cells that is comprised of a strand of linearized double-stranded DNA plus proteins that package the DNA in a condensed coil form and regulate chromosomal function.
Glossary Term
Neoplasm-derived DNA fragments found in the bloodstream or other bodily fluids that have been released from cells.
Glossary Term
A research study that compares a particular outcome (such as lung cancer) in groups of individuals who are alike in many ways but differ by a certain characteristic (for example, female nurses who smoke compared with those who do not smoke).
Glossary Term
A range of values for a parameter that may contain the parameter and the degree of confidence that it is in fact there.
Glossary Term
A sequence pattern derived from the alignment of multiple sequences that represents the nucleotide or amino acid most likely to occur at each position in a sequence.
Glossary Term
Variation in the number of copies of a particular sequence within the genetic material of an individual. Large-scale copy number polymorphisms are common and widely distributed in the human genome.