Indicators
Complement component-4 (1744 aa, ~193 kDa) is part of the complement cascade, which mediates the innate immune response to infection. The full length protein is a precursor that is secreted as a trimeric molecule containing an alpha, beta and gamma chain. When the complement cascade is initiated, the protein is cleaved. This proteolysis releases both the alpha chain, C4 anaphylatoxin, which stimulates inflammation, and a dimer of the beta and gamma chains, which mediates the interaction between the antigen-antibody complex and other complement components.
Tests
The determination of the amount of complement factor H-related Protein 1 in a sample.
For professionals
Article
Research record from Int J Lab Hematol, 2026-07-10. PMID 42432831.
Indicators
An enzyme complex that can reversibly convert ATP and creatine to phosphocreatine and ADP. Cytosolic creatine kinases are comprised of homodimers or heterodimers of creatine kinase B-type protein and creatine kinase M-type protein. Mitochondrial creatine kinases are octomers comprised of either four homodimers of creatine kinase U-type, mitochondrial protein or four creatine kinase S-type, mitochondrial protein homodimers.
Indicators
This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation and in NF-kappa B signal transduction.
Tests
CSF stands for cerebrospinal fluid. IgG stands for immunoglobulin G. It is a type of antibody. Antibodies are proteins that your immune system makes to fight germs . A CSF IgG index measures the levels of IgG in your cerebrospinal fluid.
For everyone & professionals
Indicators
This gene plays a role in protein degradation and cell cycle arrest.
Article
Research record from Clin Chem, 2026-09-28. PMID 42803392.
Indicators
A natural cyclic polypeptide immunosuppressant isolated from the fungus Beauveria nivea. The exact mechanism of action of cyclosporine is not known but may involve binding to the cellular protein cytophilin, resulting in inhibition of the enzyme calcineurin. This agent appears to specifically and reversibly inhibit immunocompetent lymphocytes in the G0-or G1-phase of the cell cycle. T-lymphocytes are preferentially inhibited with T-helper cells as the primary target. Cyclosporine also inhibits lymphokine production and release. (NCI04)
Indicators
Cystatin-B (98 aa, ~11 kDa) is encoded by the human CSTB gene. This protein is involved in the regulation of cathepsins.
Indicators
Cystatin-C (146 aa, ~16 kDa) is encoded by the human CST3 gene. This protein is involved in the inhibition of cysteine proteinases.
Indicators
A non-essential sulfur-containing amino acid in humans, related to cystine, Cysteine is important for protein synthesis, detoxification, and diverse metabolic functions. Found in beta-keratin, the main protein in nails, skin, and hair, Cysteine is important in collagen production, as well as skin elasticity and texture. Also required in the manufacture of amino acid taurine, Cysteine is a component of the antioxidant glutathione, and plays a role in the metabolism of essential biochemicals such as coenzyme A, heparin, and biotin. (NCI04)
