Indicadores
Adiponectin
Adiponectin (244 aa, ~26 kDa) is encoded by the human ADIPOQ gene. This protein is involved in the modulation of both glucose metabolism and lipid homeostasis.
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Indicadores
Adiponectin (244 aa, ~26 kDa) is encoded by the human ADIPOQ gene. This protein is involved in the modulation of both glucose metabolism and lipid homeostasis.
Indicadores
A type of antinuclear antibody that specifically targets double stranded DNA; while these antibodies are sometimes detectable in multiple different autoimmune disorders, their presence is generally considered highly specific for systemic lupus erythematosus.
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An antinuclear antibody directed against small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), that is highly specific, but has poor sensitivity for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Presence of anti-Sm antibodies are associated with central nervous system, kidney, lung and cardiac involvement in SLE, but are not indicative of disease activity.
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An isoform of alkaline phosphatase found on the surface of osteoblasts. The level of this enzyme in a patient's serum is proportional to the amount of bone formation. This marker is used for monitoring the efficacy of both bone formation therapies and antiresorptive therapies.
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A cancer-specific antigen associated with both tumors and the developing fetus. The main use of this antigen is as a tumor marker, especially with respect to intestinal cancers. Production of the antigen ceases shortly before birth, but may reappear in people who develop certain types of cancer.
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The most potent androgen, required for sex development. Dihydrotestosterone is synthesized from testosterone in the prostate gland, testes, hair follicles and adrenal glands by 5-alpha reductase. Dihydrotestosterone exerts its action similar to testosterone, which binds to and activates specific nuclear androgen receptors. After translocation into the nucleus, the activated hormone-receptor complex binds to the androgen response elements on the DNA and activates gene expressions that are required for sex development. Dihydrotestosterone is responsible for the formation of male primary sex characteristics and most male secondary sex characteristics during puberty, such as muscular growth, facial and body hair growth, and deepening of the voice.
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The most potent form of the naturally occurring steroid sex hormone in humans, produced by ovary, placenta, testis, and in small amount by adrenal cortex. Estradiol binds to a specific intracellular estrogen receptor located in female organs, breasts, hypothalamus and pituitary. The receptor-ligand complex promotes gene expression necessary for the maintenance of fertility and secondary sexual characteristics in females. In addition, estradiol exhibits mild anabolic and metabolic properties, and increases blood coagulability. Estradiol, the principal intracellular human estrogen, is substantially more active at the cellular level than its metabolites, estrone and estriol.
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Galectin-3 (250 aa, ~26 kDa) is encoded by the human LGALS3 gene. This protein plays a role in both antibody-mediated immunity and carbohydrate binding.
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Gamma-enolase (434 aa, ~47 kDa) is encoded by the human ENO2 gene. This protein is involved in glycolysis, neurotrophy and neuroprotection.
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This gene is involved in histone modification.
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This gene plays a role in both methylation and transcriptional regulation
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Prostate-specific antigen — a prostate tissue protein whose blood level rises in prostate cancer and in common benign conditions.