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Glossary Term
Any hybrid gene formed from two previously separate genes. Such fusions occur as a result of translocation, intersititial deletion or chromosomal inversion, and often result in gene products with functions different from the two fusion partners. Gene fusions are associated frequently with hematological cancers, sarcomas and prostate cancer.
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Globulins are a group of proteins in your blood. Some globulins are made by your liver. Others are made by your immune system . Globulins play an important role in liver and kidney function, blood clotting, and fighting infection. There are different types of globulins called alpha, beta, and gamma globulins. Tests to measure globulins include:
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Growth hormone (GH) tests are blood tests that check if your body is making a normal amount of GH. Hormones are chemical messengers in your bloodstream that control the actions of certain cells or organs. GH, also known as human growth hormone, controls your body's growth. It also helps control metabolism, the process your body uses to make energy from the food you eat. GH is made in the pituitary gland , a small organ at the base of your brain that controls many functions, including growth.
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A hemoglobin test measures the levels of hemoglobin in your blood. Hemoglobin is an iron-rich protein in your red blood cells. It carries oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. Your cells need oxygen to grow, reproduce, and make energy for you to function. Your hemoglobin levels provide information about the health of your red blood cells. If your hemoglobin levels are abnormal, it may be a sign that you have a blood disorder .
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A semi-essential amino acid (children should obtain it from food) needed in humans for growth and tissue repair, Histidine is important for maintenance of myelin sheaths that protect nerve cells and is metabolized to the neurotransmitter histamine. Histamines play many roles in immunity, gastric secretion, and sexual functions. Histidine is also required for blood cell manufacture and protects tissues against damage caused by radiation and heavy metals. (NCI04)
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A class of interferon (leukocyte interferon) produced predominantly by B lymphocytes. Located in a cluster on 9p22 there are at least 13 functional genes and 1 pseudogene.
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A heterodimeric cytokine composed of interleukin-12 subunit beta and interleukin-23 subunit alpha. This complex binds to the interleukin-23 receptor complex, which activates the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and modulates the proliferation, differentiation and effector functions of T-lymphocytes, natural killer cells and some myeloid lineage cells.
Pruebas
Iron tests measure different substances in the blood to check iron levels in your body. Iron is a mineral that your body needs for growth and development. Your body uses iron to make hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells. It carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body, Iron is also important for healthy muscles, bone marrow, and organ function. Your body also needs iron to make some hormones .
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One of nine essential amino acids in humans (present in dietary proteins), Isoleucine has diverse physiological functions, such as assisting wound healing, detoxification of nitrogenous wastes, stimulating immune function, and promoting secretion of several hormones. Necessary for hemoglobin formation and regulating blood sugar and energy levels, isoleucine is concentrated in muscle tissues in humans. Isoleucine is found especially in meats, fish, cheese, eggs, and most seeds and nuts. (NCI04)
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One of nine essential amino acids in humans (provided by food), Leucine is important for protein synthesis and many metabolic functions. Leucine contributes to regulation of blood-sugar levels; growth and repair of muscle and bone tissue; growth hormone production; and wound healing. Leucine also prevents breakdown of muscle proteins after trauma or severe stress and may be beneficial for individuals with phenylketonuria. Leucine is available in many foods and deficiency is rare. (NCI04)
Pruebas
Liver function tests (also called a liver panel) use a sample of your blood to measure several substances made by your liver.
Glossary Term
A genetic variation where gain, loss, or exchange of DNA results in monoallelic loss of function mutations in a diploid cell. In the context of tumor suppressor genes, where a single copy is sufficient for functionality, loss of function for the second allele is associated with tumorigenesis.
