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Technology

Allele Specific Primer Polymerase Chain Reaction

A modified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique in which a specific primer can amplify its corresponding allele only; this allows for the determination of the presence or absence of a single, specific allele during genotype testing.

Diagnostic Methods

Technology

Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction

A type of polymerase chain reaction technique in which the sample is fractionated, within which individual PCR reactions occur in each fraction.

Diagnostic Methods

Technology

Polymerase Chain Reaction

A method for amplifying a DNA base sequence using multiple rounds of heat denaturation of the DNA and annealing of oligonucleotide primers complementary to flanking regions in the presence of a heat-stable polymerase. This results in duplication of the targeted DNA region. Newly synthesized DNA strands can subsequently serve as additional templates for the same primer sequences, so that successive rounds of primer annealing, strand elongation, and dissociation produce rapid and highly specific amplification of the desired sequence. PCR also can be used to detect the existence of the defined sequence in a DNA sample.

Diagnostic Methods

Glossary Term

Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction

A type of polymerase chain reaction technique in which the sample is fractionated, within which individual PCR reactions occur in each fraction.

Pcr Terms

Glossary Term

Polymerase

Encoded by Polymerase Genes, Polymerase enzymes catalyze polymerization reactions, especially of nucleotides to polynucleotides. (NCI)

Pcr Terms

Technology

Anchored Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction

A technique designed to rapidly enrich and amplify targets derived from samples that yield low levels of nucleic acids, such as formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, for use in next-generation sequencing. Briefly, total nucleic acid or genomic DNA (gDNA) is isolated from fresh or FFPE tissues. Total nucleic acid is converted to double-stranded cDNA (dscDNA) and cleaned by solid-phase reversible immobilization (SPRI). Then the dscDNA or gDNA is subjected to end repair, adenylation and ligation with a universal half-functional adapter. The modified DNA sample is then subjected to two rounds of nested low-cycle PCR, where the first round uses target gene-specific primers and the second round uses nested target gene-specific primers that are 5' tagged with a common sequencing adapter. The resulting target amplicon library is cleaned using SPRI and is suitable for use in next generation genomic assays.

Diagnostic Methods

Technology

Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction

A laboratory procedure in which an RNA strand is first transcribed into a DNA complement and then subjected to PCR amplification. Transcribing an RNA strand into a DNA complement is termed reverse transcription and is done by the enzyme reverse transcriptase.

Diagnostic Methods

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