Tests
Newborn Screening Panel (Inborn Errors of Metabolism)
Population screening of newborns from dried blood spots for treatable inborn errors of metabolism before symptoms appear.
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Population screening of newborns from dried blood spots for treatable inborn errors of metabolism before symptoms appear.
Article
Research record from Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi, 2026-09-01. PMID 42663019.
Tests
A bilirubin blood test measures the levels of bilirubin in your blood. Bilirubin is a yellowish substance made during your body's normal process of breaking down old red blood cells. Bilirubin is found in bile, a fluid your liver makes to help you digest food.
Article
Research record from Mol Genet Metab, 2026-03-27. PMID 41923674.
Tests
A galactosemia test is a blood test given to newborns to check for a rare genetic metabolic disorder called galactosemia. Metabolic disorders affect metabolism, the process your body uses to make energy from the food you eat. Galactosemia can be inherited (passed down through families), but to have the condition, your baby has to receive the gene from both parents. Genes are parts of DNA in your cells that you inherit from your parents. You inherit two copies of each gene, one from each parent.
Tests
An HIV viral load test measures the amount of HIV in a sample of your blood. HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. The test looks for genetic material from the virus in your blood. These tests are called molecular tests or nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT or NAT). There are several types of NAAT tests. A PCR test is one type of NAAT that may be used to find HIV.
Tests
This test measures the amount of methylmalonic acid (MMA) in your blood or urine. MMA is a substance made in small amounts when you digest protein. MMA is needed for metabolism, which is the process that your body uses to change food into energy.
Tests
A PKU screening test measures the amount of a protein called phenylalanine (Phe) in a sample of a newborn's blood. Phe is in all foods that contain protein such as milk, meats, and nuts. It's also in an artificial sweetener called aspartame. If a newborn has high levels of Phe in their blood, it could mean that they have phenylketonuria (PKU).
Indicators
The term "vitamin K" refers to a group of chemically similar fat-soluble compounds called naphthoquinones: vitamin K1 (phytonadione) is found in plants and is the primary source of vitamin K for humans through dietary consumption, vitamin K2 compounds (menaquinones) are made by bacteria in the human gut, and vitamin K3 (menadione) is a water-soluble preparation available for adults only. Vitamin K is necessary for the liver to produce the coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X, as well as the clotting factors protein C, protein S, and protein Z; vitamin K deficiency can result in deficiencies of these coagulation factors and excess bleeding. An injection of vitamin K is routinely given to newborn infants to prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding, also known as hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Vitamin K deficiency is rare in adults but may result from chronic malnutrition or an inability to absorb dietary vitamins.