Tests
Kidney stones are small, pebble-like pieces of material that form in one or both of your kidneys. Your kidneys are two bean-shaped organs just below your rib cage. They keep your body's balance of water, minerals, and salts by removing waste to make urine (pee). Kidney stones form when you have high levels of some minerals or salts in your urine (pee). Many things may increase your risk of kidney stones. These can include your diet, some health conditions, and some supplements or medicines.
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Tests
A 17-hydroxyprogesterone test measures the amount of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) in a sample of your blood. 17-OHP is a substance that your adrenal glands make. Health care providers can use this test to help diagnose a group of uncommon genetic disorders that affect the adrenal glands. These genetic adrenal gland disorders are called congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Your adrenal glands are two small organs that sit on top of each kidney. They make different types of hormones , which are chemical messengers in your bloodstream that control the actions of certain cells or organs.
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Tests
The main circulating form of vitamin D and the standard measure of vitamin D status.
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Indicators
The main circulating vitamin D metabolite — the standard measure of vitamin D status.
Article
Research record from Kidney360, 2026-05-14. PMID 42133442.
Tests
This test measures the level of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in a sample of your blood. A hormone is a chemical messenger in your bloodstream that controls the actions of certain cells or organs. ACTH tells your adrenal glands, two small glands that sit above your kidneys, to make another hormone called cortisol.
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Article
Research record from Mass Spectrom Rev, 2026-08-22. PMID 42630127.
Indicators
A family of globular proteins found in many plant and animal tissues that tend to bind a wide variety of ligands. Albumin is the main protein in blood plasma. Low serum levels occur in conditions associated with malnutrition, inflammation and liver and kidney diseases.
Tests
An albumin blood test measures the amount of albumin in your blood. Albumin is a protein made by your liver. Low albumin levels can be a sign of liver or kidney disease or another medical condition. High levels may be a sign of dehydration .
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Tests
An aldosterone test measures the amount of aldosterone (ALD) in your blood or urine (pee). ALD is a hormone made by your adrenal glands, two small glands that sit above your kidneys. ALD helps keep your blood pressure stable by helping to balance the levels of two electrolytes in your blood, sodium and potassium .
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Indicators
An antinuclear antibody directed against small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), that is highly specific, but has poor sensitivity for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Presence of anti-Sm antibodies are associated with central nervous system, kidney, lung and cardiac involvement in SLE, but are not indicative of disease activity.
Article
Research record from Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2026-07-17. PMID 42539859.
