Glossary Term
The process of exchange of genetic material between autonomous replicons, which depends on regions of extensive sequence homology between the participating DNA strands. This process involves double-strand breakage of one participant, resection of the break, and strand invasion, followed by formation, displacement and resolution of the Holliday junction. This process is involved in repairing broken DNA and creating combinations of genes that may be unique from the parent duplexes. Disruptions in this process can result in inviability, premature aging and predisposition to cancers and degenerative diseases.
Pcr Terms
Glossary Term
Having two identical allelic forms of a gene, one inherited from each parent, on each of the two homologous chromosomes.
Pcr Terms
Indicators
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein — an inflammation marker also used, in context, in cardiovascular risk assessment.
Indicators
Immunoglobulin Light Chain Kappa is one of two Ig light chain types. Each Ig molecule is typically composed of two heavy chains and two light chains. Ig kappa light chains contain a variable and a constant region. Kappa light chains are encoded by multiple V, J, and C gene segments, which are separated in the genomes of cells undifferentiated with regard to antibody gene expression. Diversity in the kappa light chain V region arises during differentiation of an activated (kappa-type) antibody-producing B-cell from variable recombination of kappa V genes with kappa J genes and somatic point mutation, which plays a major role in antibody diversity. (from OMIM and NCI)
Indicators
Immunoglobulin Light Chain Lambda is one of two Ig light chain types. Each Ig molecule is typically composed of two heavy chains and two light chains but Ig lambda light chains contain a variable and a constant region. Lambda light chains are encoded by multiple V, J, and C gene segments, which are separated in the genomes of cells undifferentiated with regard to antibody gene expression. During differentiation of an activated (lambda-type) antibody-producing B-cell, diversity in the lambda light chain V region arises from variable recombination of lambda V genes with lambda J genes and somatic point mutation, which plays a major role in antibody diversity. (from OMIM 147220 and NCI)
Article
Research record from Cancer Treat Res Commun, 2026-04-15. PMID 42019239.
Tests
The determination of the amount of the volume of serum or plasma that would be cleared of indocyanine green by excretion for a specified unit of time (e.g. one minute).
For professionals
Indicators
One of nine essential amino acids in humans (present in dietary proteins), Isoleucine has diverse physiological functions, such as assisting wound healing, detoxification of nitrogenous wastes, stimulating immune function, and promoting secretion of several hormones. Necessary for hemoglobin formation and regulating blood sugar and energy levels, isoleucine is concentrated in muscle tissues in humans. Isoleucine is found especially in meats, fish, cheese, eggs, and most seeds and nuts. (NCI04)
Tests
Kidney stones are small, pebble-like pieces of material that form in one or both of your kidneys. Your kidneys are two bean-shaped organs just below your rib cage. They keep your body's balance of water, minerals, and salts by removing waste to make urine (pee). Kidney stones form when you have high levels of some minerals or salts in your urine (pee). Many things may increase your risk of kidney stones. These can include your diet, some health conditions, and some supplements or medicines.
For everyone & professionals
Indicators
One of nine essential amino acids in humans (provided by food), Leucine is important for protein synthesis and many metabolic functions. Leucine contributes to regulation of blood-sugar levels; growth and repair of muscle and bone tissue; growth hormone production; and wound healing. Leucine also prevents breakdown of muscle proteins after trauma or severe stress and may be beneficial for individuals with phenylketonuria. Leucine is available in many foods and deficiency is rare. (NCI04)
Indicators
One of nine essential amino acids in humans required for growth and tissue repair, Lysine is supplied by many foods, especially red meats, fish, and dairy products. Lysine seems to be active against herpes simplex viruses and present in many forms of diet supplements. The mechanism underlying this effect is based on the viral need for amino acid arginine; lysine competes with arginine for absorption and entry into cells. Lysine inhibits HSV growth by knocking out arginine. (NCI04)
Tests
Malaria tests look for signs of a malaria infection in a sample of your blood. These infections are caused by malaria parasites , which are tiny single-celled life forms. There are several types of these parasites.
For everyone & professionals
