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A hydantoin derivative and a non-sedative antiepileptic agent with anticonvulsant activity. Phenytoin potentially acts by promoting sodium efflux from neurons located in the motor cortex reducing post-tetanic potentiation at synapses. The reduction of potentiation prevents cortical seizure foci spreading to adjacent areas, stabilizing the threshold against hyperexcitability. In addition, this agent appears to reduce sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch causing muscle relaxation.
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This gene is involved in mismatch repair and mutations in the gene result in hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer 3.
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This gene is involved in mismatch repair and mutations in the gene result in hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer 4.
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This gene plays a role in the regulation of cell signaling. It is involved in cell migration, metabolic control, mitogenic activation and gene transcription.
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A non-essential amino acid in humans (synthesized by the body), Serine is present and functionally important in many proteins. With an alcohol group, serine is needed for the metabolism of fats, fatty acids, and cell membranes; muscle growth; and a healthy immune system. It also plays a major role in pyrimidine, purine, creatine, and porphyrin biosynthetic pathways. Serine is also found at the active site of the serine protease enzyme class that includes trypsin and chymotrypsin. (NCI04)
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Soluble monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 is encoded by the human CD14 gene. This soluble protein may be used as a marker of monocyte activation and is derived either through cleavage that removes the glycophosphoinositol (GPI)-anchor from the membrane bound form of CD14 or as non-cleaved form secreted from the non-GPI-modified intracellular pool of CD14.
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This gene is involved in apoptosis, hormonogenesis, focal adhesion and the formation of intercellular junctions.
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Tumor-associated oncofetal glycoprotein 72 (TAG-72) is a high molecular weight (220-400 kD) complex expressed by a wide variety of human adenocarcinomas. This antigen is expressed by a majority of invasive ductal breast carcinomas, and most colon, pancreatic, gastric, esophageal, lung (non-small cell), ovarian and endometrial adenocarcinomas, and on normal secretory endometrium, but not on other normal tissues. It is not expressed by leukemias, lymphomas, sarcomas, mesotheliomas, melanomas or benign tumors. The monoclonal antibodies against TAG-72 have been widely employed for the immunohistochemical analysis of adenocarcinomas as well as for radioimmunoscintigraphy and radioimmunoguided surgery.
