Glossary Term
Proteinase K Digestion
An enzymatic pre-treatment in nucleic-acid extraction that degrades proteins and nucleases, releasing nucleic acids from clinical material before binding, wash, and elution steps.
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Glossary Term
An enzymatic pre-treatment in nucleic-acid extraction that degrades proteins and nucleases, releasing nucleic acids from clinical material before binding, wash, and elution steps.
Glossary Term
The global analysis of cellular proteins. Proteomics uses a combination of sophisticated techniques including two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis, image analysis, mass spectrometry, amino acid sequencing, and bio-informatics to resolve comprehensively, to quantify, and to characterize proteins. The application of proteomics provides major opportunities to elucidate disease mechanisms and to identify new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
Glossary Term
The number of nucleotides successfully ordered from each side of a nucleic acid fragment obtained after the completion of a sequencing process.
Glossary Term
Single-stranded long chain of nucleotides containing ribose. It is the end product of DNA transcription by the enzyme RNA polymerase. It is essential in protein synthesis.
Glossary Term
An RNA molecule that does not contain protein-coding sequence information and constitutes the majority of the cellular RNA (~80%). This nucleic acid associates with multiple proteins to form ribosomes, which are the organelles that drive mRNA-directed protein synthesis.
Glossary Term
A point mutation occurring within the protein-coding region of a gene, and which codes for the same amino acid as expected.
Glossary Term
A class of short adaptor RNAs that transfers a specific amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain at the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during translation. Each transfer RNA comprises a three-nucleotide sequence that is complementary to the triplet nucleotide coding sequence of an mRNA, conferring specificity to the amino acid being incorporated into the assembling protein.