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A non-essential amino acid in humans (synthesized by the body), Serine is present and functionally important in many proteins. With an alcohol group, serine is needed for the metabolism of fats, fatty acids, and cell membranes; muscle growth; and a healthy immune system. It also plays a major role in pyrimidine, purine, creatine, and porphyrin biosynthetic pathways. Serine is also found at the active site of the serine protease enzyme class that includes trypsin and chymotrypsin. (NCI04)
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Serotransferrin (698 aa, ~77 kDa) is encoded by the human TF gene. This protein is involved in iron sequestration and transport.
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A family of apolipoproteins that are associated with high-density lipoprotein particles in the serum. These proteins may play a role in both the acute-phase of inflammation and in cholesterol transport.
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This gene may be involved in the modulation of protein SET activity.
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Sex hormone-binding globulin (402 aa, ~44 kDa) is encoded by the human SHBG gene. This protein is involved in steroid transport.
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A natural macrocyclic lactone produced by the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus, with immunosuppressant properties. In cells, sirolimus binds to the immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate an immunosuppressive complex that binds to and inhibits the activation of the mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR), a key regulatory kinase. This results in inhibition of T lymphocyte activation and proliferation that occurs in response to antigenic and cytokine (IL-2, IL-4, and IL-15) stimulation and inhibition of antibody production. (NCI04)
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Soluble monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 is encoded by the human CD14 gene. This soluble protein may be used as a marker of monocyte activation and is derived either through cleavage that removes the glycophosphoinositol (GPI)-anchor from the membrane bound form of CD14 or as non-cleaved form secreted from the non-GPI-modified intracellular pool of CD14.
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Somatostatin (116 aa, ~13 kDa) is encoded by the human SST gene. This protein plays a role in the downregulation of somatotropin release.
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Somatotropin (217 aa, ~25 kDa) is encoded by the human GH1 gene. This protein is involved in the regulation of many physiologic processes, including the growth of organs and tissues and the metabolism of amino acids and proteins.
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This gene is involved in embryonic development and in the determination of cell fate.
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A secreted antigen derived from two nearly identical cytoplasmic glycoproteins of the serpin family, serpin B3 (SCCA-1) and serpin B4 (SCCA-2). These proteins are specifically expressed in normal squamous epithelia and are present at elevated concentrations in the serum of subjects with squamous cell carcinoma and certain inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This antigen was first described in squamous cell cervical carcinoma; it is currently used as a nonspecific tumor marker for the presence, staging and monitoring of the disease course for squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, cervix, esophagus, anus and lung.
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This gene is involved in signal transduction and activation of transcription. It plays a role in the immune response via stimulation of T-cell proliferation.
