Tests
Epithelial cells cover the inside and outside of the surfaces of your body. They are found on your skin, blood vessels, and organs, including your urinary tract (which includes your kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra).
For everyone & professionals
Tests
The determination of the amount of red blood cell fragments present in a sample.
For professionals
Tests
Erythrocytes are red blood cells. The sedimentation rate is the time it takes for your red blood cells to settle at the bottom of a test tube. An erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a blood test that can show if you have inflammation in your body. Inflammation is your immune system's response to injury, infection, and many other conditions, including immune system disorders , certain cancers , and blood disorders .
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Indicators
Erythropoietin (193 aa, ~21 kDa) is encoded by the human EPO gene. This protein plays a role in both erythropoiesis and the maintenance of red blood cell volume.
Tests
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and GFR tests check how well your kidneys are working. Your kidneys are two organs on either side of your spine just below your rib cage. They have tiny filters called glomeruli. These filters remove waste and extra water from your blood and get rid of them through your urine (pee).
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Indicators
The most potent form of the naturally occurring steroid sex hormone in humans, produced by ovary, placenta, testis, and in small amount by adrenal cortex. Estradiol binds to a specific intracellular estrogen receptor located in female organs, breasts, hypothalamus and pituitary. The receptor-ligand complex promotes gene expression necessary for the maintenance of fertility and secondary sexual characteristics in females. In addition, estradiol exhibits mild anabolic and metabolic properties, and increases blood coagulability. Estradiol, the principal intracellular human estrogen, is substantially more active at the cellular level than its metabolites, estrone and estriol.
Tests
An estrogen test measures the level of estrogens in a sample of your blood, urine (pee), or saliva (spit).
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Article
Research record from Pediatr Emerg Care, 2026-07-01. PMID 42381152.
Article
Research record from Mol Biol Rep, 2026-08-21. PMID 42627438.
Article
Research record from J Med Entomol, 2026-07-01. PMID 42444068.
Article
Research record from Scand J Clin Lab Invest, 2026-05-05. PMID 42085024.
Article
Research record from J Pharm Biomed Anal, 2026-09-10. PMID 42743879.