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A heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone secreted by the gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland. This hormone is involved in gonadal development, growth, maturation and reproductive processes, including the regulation of spermatogenesis in males and follicular growth and ovulation in females.
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This gene is involved in B-cell and T-cell maturation.
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Exhibiting a broad range of biological activities on T and natural killer cells, Interleukin-12 is a disulfide-bonded heterodimeric cytokine composed of a 35-kD IL12A subunit (IL-6 Superfamily) and a 40-kDa IL12B subunit (Type I Cytokine Receptor 3 Family). IL12 stimulates T-cell-independent production of IFN-gamma by PBMCs, enhances NK cell lytic activity, acts as a growth factor for T- and NK-cells, and is important for Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation. Lymphocyte responses to IL12 require NOS2A and are mediated by STAT4 activator of transcription. (NCI)