Tests
An ammonia levels test measures the amount of ammonia in a sample of your blood. Ammonia is also called NH3. It is a normal waste product in your body. Healthy bacteria in your intestines make ammonia when you digest protein in the foods you eat.
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A bilirubin blood test measures the levels of bilirubin in your blood. Bilirubin is a yellowish substance made during your body's normal process of breaking down old red blood cells. Bilirubin is found in bile, a fluid your liver makes to help you digest food.
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A blood smear is a test that's used to help diagnose and monitor a wide variety of blood disorders and other conditions that affect your blood. The test checks a sample of your blood under a microscope to see whether your blood cells look normal. It looks at your:
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Bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue found in the center of your bones. Bone marrow makes different types of blood cells, including:
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A CA 19-9 test measures the amount of a protein called CA 19-9 (cancer antigen 19-9) in a sample of your blood. CA 19-9 is a type of tumor marker. Tumor markers are substances made by cancer cells or by normal cells in response to cancer .
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This test measures the amount of a protein called CA-125 (cancer antigen 125) in a sample of your blood. CA-125 is a type of tumor marker. Tumor markers are substances that are often made by cancer cells or by normal cells in response to cancer.
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A calcium in urine test measures the amount of calcium in your urine (pee). If your urine calcium levels aren't normal, it may be a sign of kidney disease , a parathyroid disorder , bone diseas e, or another condition that affects how your body uses calcium.
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This test measures creatinine levels in a sample of your blood and/or urine (pee). Creatinine is a normal waste product in your body. It's made when you use your muscles and some of the muscle tissue breaks down.
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CSF stands for cerebrospinal fluid. IgG stands for immunoglobulin G. It is a type of antibody. Antibodies are proteins that your immune system makes to fight germs . A CSF IgG index measures the levels of IgG in your cerebrospinal fluid.
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Growth hormone (GH) tests are blood tests that check if your body is making a normal amount of GH. Hormones are chemical messengers in your bloodstream that control the actions of certain cells or organs. GH, also known as human growth hormone, controls your body's growth. It also helps control metabolism, the process your body uses to make energy from the food you eat. GH is made in the pituitary gland , a small organ at the base of your brain that controls many functions, including growth.
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Hemoglobin electrophoresis is a test that measures the different types of hemoglobin in the blood. It also checks for hemoglobinopathy, disorders involving abnormal types of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein in your red blood cells. It carries oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. There are a few different types of normal and abnormal hemoglobin.
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This test measures the amount of IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1) in your blood. IGF-1 is a hormone , a chemical messenger in your bloodstream that controls the actions of certain cells or organs. IGF-1 manages the effects of growth hormone (GH) in your body. Together, IGF-1 and GH promote normal growth of bones and tissues.
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