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Chemicals that are added to drug products to prolong shelf life and maintain sterility. Protection of formulations, especially aqueous solutions, against microbial growth requires use of either antibacterial or antifungal preservatives. Generally, such agents are active against either bacteria or fungi but a few are active against both. The antimicrobials include but not limited to chlorobutanol, benzyl alcohol, sodium benzoate, sorbic acid, and phenol. The antioxidizing agents include butylated hydroxytoluene, hydroxyanisole, propyl gallate, and sulfites. The necessary addition of preservatives for both safety and economy sometimes has been associated with significant adverse effects in certain patient populations.

Pcr Terms

Glossary Term

Prevalence

The ratio (for a given time period) of the number of occurrences of a disease or event to the number of units at risk in the population.

Performance Metrics

Indicators

PRKAR1A Gene

This gene plays a role in the regulation of protein kinase A.

Indicators

Procalcitonin

A biomarker rising markedly in systemic bacterial infection — decision support for antibiotic pathways, not a diagnosis by itself.

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Precision cancer medicine in Europe: a mixed-methods study on infrastructure for extended molecular diagnostics.

Precision Medicine in Epilepsy: Diagnostic Yield by Next-Generation Sequencing and Genotype-Phenotype Findings in a Romanian Cohort.

Precision Oncology in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Integrating Molecular Diagnostics, Targeted Therapies, and Resistance Mechanisms.

Predictive In Vitro Diagnostic Screening of Strontium-Enriched Biodegradable Mg-Ca Alloys for Emerging Dental Applications.

Predictors and mortality in PCR-positive pneumocystis pneumonia among non-HIV patients.

Predictors of Acute Kidney Injury and In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With RT-PCR Confirmed Lassa Fever in Southwest Nigeria.

Premas

Presepsin Measurement

Preservative Excipient

Prevalence

PRKAR1A Gene

Procalcitonin