Indicators
Along with the immunoglobulin G3 subclass (IgG3), the IgG4 subtype makes up a minor part of circulating antibodies in healthy individuals. The IgG4 core hinge sequence contains 12 amino acids and two interchain disulfide bonds.This subtype has moderate affinity for binding Fc receptors and does not bind complement component C1q. The production of IgG4 can be stimulated following repeated or long-term exposure to antigen. Elevated levels are found in various diseases and infections and can be indicative of an fibroinflammatory syndrome known as IgG4-related disease.
Indicators
This gene is involved in protein phosphorylation.
Indicators
This gene is involved in B-cell and T-cell maturation.
Tests
The determination of the number of the immature B2 B-lymphocytes in a sample.
For professionals
Tests
The determination of the number of the memory immature B-lymphocytes in a sample.
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Tests
The determination of the amount of immunoglobulin G subclass 3 present in a sample.
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Tests
The determination of the ratio of immunoglobulin G to creatinine in a biological specimen.
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Tests
The determination of the amount of immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 2 present in a sample.
For professionals
Indicators
Immunoglobulin Light Chain Kappa is one of two Ig light chain types. Each Ig molecule is typically composed of two heavy chains and two light chains. Ig kappa light chains contain a variable and a constant region. Kappa light chains are encoded by multiple V, J, and C gene segments, which are separated in the genomes of cells undifferentiated with regard to antibody gene expression. Diversity in the kappa light chain V region arises during differentiation of an activated (kappa-type) antibody-producing B-cell from variable recombination of kappa V genes with kappa J genes and somatic point mutation, which plays a major role in antibody diversity. (from OMIM and NCI)
Indicators
Immunoglobulin Light Chain Lambda is one of two Ig light chain types. Each Ig molecule is typically composed of two heavy chains and two light chains but Ig lambda light chains contain a variable and a constant region. Lambda light chains are encoded by multiple V, J, and C gene segments, which are separated in the genomes of cells undifferentiated with regard to antibody gene expression. During differentiation of an activated (lambda-type) antibody-producing B-cell, diversity in the lambda light chain V region arises from variable recombination of lambda V genes with lambda J genes and somatic point mutation, which plays a major role in antibody diversity. (from OMIM 147220 and NCI)
Article
Research record from Pol J Pathol, 2026-06-01. PMID 42429424.
Article
Research record from Int J Mol Sci, 2026-02-27. PMID 41828470.
