Glossary Term
Oligonucleotide Primer
Short DNA oligonucleotide chains used to prime DNA (and in some cases RNA) synthesis.
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Glossary Term
Short DNA oligonucleotide chains used to prime DNA (and in some cases RNA) synthesis.
Tests
The determination of the amount of any opioid, including any of the naturally occurring and semi-synthetic opiates, fully synthetic opioids and their metabolites, present in a sample.
Indicators
A water-soluble vitamin ubiquitously found in plants and animal tissues with antioxidant property. Vitamin B5 is a component of coenzyme A (CoA) and a part of the vitamin B2 complex. Vitamin B5 is a growth factor and is essential for various metabolic functions, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fatty acids. This vitamin is also involved in the synthesis of cholesterol, lipids, neurotransmitters, steroid hormones, and hemoglobin.
Indicators
A synthetic form of dehydroepiandrosterone with potential chemopreventive activity. Produced endogenously, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is an intermediate in the conversion of cholesterol to androgens and estrogens. Although the mechanisms of action of exogenously administered DHEA have not been fully illuminated, they may result in both direct and indirect physiologic effects. Direct effects include GABA-a receptor complex and NMDA receptor modulation, and enhanced pancreatic beta cell insulin secretion and antiglucocorticoid activities. (NCI04)
Tests
A clotting test measuring the extrinsic pathway, standardised internationally as INR to monitor vitamin K antagonist therapy and assess bleeding risk.
Glossary Term
Any natural or synthetic substance used in a chemical or biological reaction in order to produce, identify, or measure another substance.
Glossary Term
Single-stranded long chain of nucleotides containing ribose. It is the end product of DNA transcription by the enzyme RNA polymerase. It is essential in protein synthesis.
Glossary Term
An RNA molecule that does not contain protein-coding sequence information and constitutes the majority of the cellular RNA (~80%). This nucleic acid associates with multiple proteins to form ribosomes, which are the organelles that drive mRNA-directed protein synthesis.
Indicators
Secretogranin-1 (677 aa, ~78 kDa) is encoded by the human CHGB gene. This protein may play a role in the synthesis of biologically active peptides.
Article
Research record from JMIR Res Protoc, 2026-07-03. PMID 42398924.
Indicators
Thyroglobulin (2768 aa, ~305 kDa) is encoded by the human TG gene. This protein is involved in thyroid hormone synthesis.
Indicators
An aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Streptomyces tenebrarius with bacteriostatic activity. Following active transport into the cell, tobramycin binds irreversibly to a specific aminoglycoside receptor on the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit and interferes with the initiation complex between messenger RNA and the 30S subunit, thereby inhibiting initiation of protein synthesis, consequently leading to bacterial cell death. In addition, tobramycin induces misreading of the mRNA template causing incorrect amino acids to be incorporated into the growing polypeptide chain, consequently interfering with protein elongation.