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Hemoglobin electrophoresis is a test that measures the different types of hemoglobin in the blood. It also checks for hemoglobinopathy, disorders involving abnormal types of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein in your red blood cells. It carries oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. There are a few different types of normal and abnormal hemoglobin.
Indicators
A tetrameric complex of 2 molecules of hemoglobin subunit alpha (encoded by either the HBA1 or HBA2 gene) and 2 molecules of hemoglobin subunit gamma (encoded by either the HBG1 or HBG2 gene).
Tests
The determination of the ratio of hemoglobin G compared to total hemoglobin present in a sample. The measurement may be expressed as a ratio or percentage.
Tests
A quantitative measurement of the amount of hemoglobin present in a biospecimen.
Indicators
A tetrameric complex of 2 molecules of hemoglobin subunit alpha (encoded by either the HBA1 or HBA2 gene) and 2 molecules of a hemoglobin subunit beta variant where the glutamic acid residue at position 7 has been replaced by valine.
Tests
A hemoglobin test measures the levels of hemoglobin in your blood. Hemoglobin is an iron-rich protein in your red blood cells. It carries oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. Your cells need oxygen to grow, reproduce, and make energy for you to function. Your hemoglobin levels provide information about the health of your red blood cells. If your hemoglobin levels are abnormal, it may be a sign that you have a blood disorder .
Indicators
A product of hemoglobin produced by oxidation of the iron atom from the ferrous to the ferric state.
Tests
The determination of the ratio of methemoglobin compared to total hemoglobin present in a sample. The measurement may be expressed as a ratio or percentage.
Tests
The determination of the ratio of oxyhemoglobin compared to total hemoglobin present in a sample. The measurement may be expressed as a ratio or percentage.
Tests
A blood test that determines the types of hemoglobin that an individual expresses. Detection of hemoglobin S indicates that the person has sickle cell trait or sickle cell disease.
Tests
A long-term measure of average blood glucose over roughly the preceding two to three months, used to diagnose and monitor diabetes.
Article
Research record from J Anal Toxicol, 2026-04-01. PMID 41212523.
